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6. New racisms?  

Ali Rattansi

in Racism: A Very Short Introduction

6. New racisms? racist . However, even self-confessed racists appear to have as little agreement about how many races exist and how exactly they are to be differentiated from each other as the supporters of the concept of race in the past. This is simply because humanity cannot be divided into races. Racism without races? But if races do not really exist and have never existed, and few people now admit to being racist, what makes it possible for responsible researchers in the social sciences, journalists, politicians, and large numbers of ordinary citizens to claim that racism is still widespread

7. Racist identities: ambivalence, contradiction, and commitment  

Ali Rattansi

in Racism: A Very Short Introduction

7. Racist identities: ambivalence, contradiction, and commitment Let us begin with Kilroy-Silk, again. I expressed the judgement above that his remarks on ‘Arabs’ constituted a relatively strong form of racialization, and thereby had already entered the terrain of racism by using some of its key elements. Furthermore, his cavalier description of Arabs as inferior meant that the charge of racism has further plausibility, although I must stress that this is not the same as labelling him a racist in some absolute, definitive sense. In support of Kilroy-Silk, he and others cited the frequent appearance of British ethnic minority individuals on

4. Rhetoric in the Modern World  

Richard Toye

in Rhetoric: A Very Short Introduction

4. Rhetoric in the Modern World

12. Etruscology: Its Origins and Development  

Christopher Smith

in The Etruscans: A Very Short Introduction

12. Etruscology: Its Origins and Development

2. The Coming of War  

Michael Howard

in The First World War: A Very Short Introduction

2. The Coming of War

2. Migration  

Kevin Kenny

in Diaspora: A Very Short Introduction

2. Migration

5. La Bose Becomes Bakar: Caste, Class, Tribe, Nation  

John Monaghan and Peter Just

in Social and Cultural Anthropology: A Very Short Introduction

5. La Bose Becomes Bakar: Caste, Class, Tribe, Nation

7. Race, ecumenism, and politics  

William K. Kay

in Pentecostalism: A Very Short Introduction

7. Race, ecumenism, and politics

Introduction  

Véronique Mottier

in Sexuality: A Very Short Introduction

Introduction

2. Eugenic intelligence  

Philippa Levine

in Eugenics: A Very Short introduction

2. Eugenic intelligence eugenics , Francis Galton’s early work had centered on the heritability of genius, which he defined as “an ability that was exceptionally high, and at the same time inborn.” In Hereditary Genius (1869), he used statistical methods to trace the lineages of men he considered eminent, concluding that their mental ability was largely inherited. He compared the frequency of eminence among first-degree, second-degree (grandfathers and grandsons; uncles and nephews), and third-degree (great-grandfathers; first cousins) relations to the frequency of eminence in the general population. Finding that eminent men exhibited greater frequency of eminence that declined

4. Pain and civilization  

Rob Boddice

in Pain: A Very Short Introduction

4. Pain and civilization It has been well documented that, with the demise of Catholic practices of mortification, the moral virtue of pain was replaced, in 18th-century Europe, with the opposite notion that by no means was pain necessary for salvation, or even as an indication of moral virtuosity. On the contrary, pleasure emerged as the principle of the virtuous, with a turning away from pain as a personal and social evil. At the same time, the 18th century saw the dawn of the ‘age of sensibility’, in which heightened practices of civility and urbanity seemed to bring with them

2. Sex, seed, and sin in the medieval world  

John Waller

in Heredity: A Very Short Introduction

2. Sex, seed, and sin in the medieval world By the early 500s AD, with the withdrawal of Rome’s legions and the rise of independent barbarian kingdoms, the peoples of Western Europe no longer felt the force of Roman government. The decline of the Roman Empire led to a dramatic drop in trade and the loss of vast quantities of ancient scholarship. Then, around 1000 AD, advances in farming, transport, and finance as well as an improving climate allowed crop yields to grow and commerce to flourish once again. A dramatic increase in wealth in turn sustained an upswing in

6. Critical legal theory  

Raymond Wacks

in Philosophy of Law: A Very Short Introduction (2nd edn)

6. Critical legal theory

4. Genes as markers  

Jonathan Slack

in Genes: A Very Short Introduction

4. Genes as markers Although some mutations are certainly deleterious, and a very few are advantageous, the vast majority of changes arising in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) do not significantly affect the reproductive fitness of the organism. The genetic variation dealt with in the previous chapter was a specially selected subset of examples that do affect specific genes and lead directly to disease. But most genetic variation does not affect gene function or activity. This is because most changes to the DNA sequence lie outside the genes, in the large majority of DNA that does not code for proteins. Even variation

3. Connections  

Kevin Kenny

in Diaspora: A Very Short Introduction

3. Connections

6. The future of diaspora  

Kevin Kenny

in Diaspora: A Very Short Introduction

6. The future of diaspora

Introduction  

Robert J. C. Young

in Postcolonialism: A Very Short Introduction

Introduction