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6. Alternative and complementary approaches to cancer care
Nicholas James
in Cancer: A Very Short Introduction
At least half of cancer patients use complementary or alternative medicines. ‘Alternative and complementary approaches to cancer care’ examines some of the very many different therapies ...
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7. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Marta L. Wayne and Benjamin M. Bolker
in Infectious Disease: A Very Short Introduction
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a fungal pathogen that infects many different amphibian species, driving some of them to extinction. ‘Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis’ ...
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3. Beyond amyloid
Kathleen Taylor
in Dementia: A Very Short Introduction
‘Beyond amyloid’ outlines recent challenges to the amyloid cascade hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease. This theory’s enduring popularity has not been matched by success in the clinic. Some ...
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4. Cancer research
Nicholas James
in Cancer: A Very Short Introduction
The mainstays of cancer treatment have been surgery and radiotherapy. Both of these techniques have seen incremental technical improvements since they were introduced in the ...
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1. The challenges of dementia
Kathleen Taylor
in Dementia: A Very Short Introduction
While cognitive problems have long been associated with ageing, dementia is a relatively new concept. ‘The challenge of dementia’ shows how our understanding of it was shaped by research in ...
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5. Cholera
Marta L. Wayne and Benjamin M. Bolker
in Infectious Disease: A Very Short Introduction
Cholera is a water-borne, diarrhoeal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. For illness to occur, humans must consume vast amounts of the bacteria and cholera must possess a ...
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5. Diagnosis and treatment
Kathleen Taylor
in Dementia: A Very Short Introduction
‘Diagnosis and treatment’ explains the systems used to classify brain disorders, and the change in our understanding of dementia from seeing it as threshold to a spectrum of symptoms that ...
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5. The economics of cancer care
Nicholas James
in Cancer: A Very Short Introduction
Modern cancer care is complex and medical technologies and drug therapies are changing rapidly. ‘The costs of cancer care’ charts the different factors that impact on the economics of this ...
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6. The future of dementia
Kathleen Taylor
in Dementia: A Very Short Introduction
There is still no cure for dementia, but that could change; scientists now have more tools for understanding neurodegeneration, and funding for research is at unprecedented levels. ‘The ...
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4. HIV
Marta L. Wayne and Benjamin M. Bolker
in Infectious Disease: A Very Short Introduction
HIV is the human immunodeficiency virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, or AIDS. Its transmission is by exchange of bodily fluids. HIV can only enter immune cells with the ...
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2. How does cancer develop?
Nicholas James
in Cancer: A Very Short Introduction
In order to understand: ‘How does cancer develop?’ it is necessary to know something about basic cell biology. The importance of the cell nucleus for understanding cancer is outlined. ...
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3. How is cancer treated?
Nicholas James
in Cancer: A Very Short Introduction
The treatment of cancer is complex and involves the input of many different health professionals. ‘How is cancer treated?’ presents this complex picture as a journey from symptoms to ...
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3. Influenza
Marta L. Wayne and Benjamin M. Bolker
in Infectious Disease: A Very Short Introduction
Influenza, or flu, has caused more deaths than any single disease outbreak since the 14th-century bubonic plague. Twenty to fifty million people worldwide died from the 1918 Spanish Flu, ...
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1. Introduction
Marta L. Wayne and Benjamin M. Bolker
in Infectious Disease: A Very Short Introduction
The ‘Introduction’ explains what infectious diseases are: diseases that are transmitted from one person to another. For most of human history, diseases could only be controlled at the ...
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8. Looking ahead
Marta L. Wayne and Benjamin M. Bolker
in Infectious Disease: A Very Short Introduction
‘Looking ahead’ shows how our understanding of disease ecology and evolution has revolutionized disease management. By developing transmission control strategies to close the encounter ...
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6. Malaria
Marta L. Wayne and Benjamin M. Bolker
in Infectious Disease: A Very Short Introduction
Malaria is transmitted to humans through various species of Anopheles mosquitoes. In this century malaria rarely reaches out of the tropics, being limited by the ecological niche of its ...
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4. Risk factors
Kathleen Taylor
in Dementia: A Very Short Introduction
Would everyone get dementia if we lived long enough? ‘Risk factors’ focuses on the genetic, environmental, and physiological factors that makes dementia more or less likely to affect us. ...
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1. The size of the cancer problem
Nicholas James
in Cancer: A Very Short Introduction
What is the scale of the cancer problem? The raw data is set out in ‘The size of the cancer problem’. The variations in the number of cases diagnosed and the numbers dying from cancer in ...
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2. Transmission at different scales
Marta L. Wayne and Benjamin M. Bolker
in Infectious Disease: A Very Short Introduction
The term ‘transmission’ defines infectious disease. Respiratory viruses such as influenza are airborne; diseases such as HIV and hepatitis are transmitted through direct, usually sexual, ...
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2. What causes dementia?
Kathleen Taylor
in Dementia: A Very Short Introduction
‘What causes dementia?’ looks at the mechanisms underlying dementia. Dr Aloysius Alzheimer identified two key features in the brain. These were a build-up of plaques dominated by the ...
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