8. Conclusion
Steven Grosby
in Nationalism: A Very Short Introduction
‘Conclusion’ places this discussion of nationalism in the wider context of current research. Nationalism research increased in the early twentieth century as the world tried to come to ...
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Conclusion
Gerard L. Weinberg
in World War II: A Very Short Introduction
The ‘Conclusion’ shows how the world was changed forever by World War II, during which around sixty million people had been killed, the majority of them civilians. There were huge losses in ...
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6. The institutional peace
Oliver P. Richmond
in Peace: A Very Short Introduction
‘The institutional peace’ introduces a form of peace that has been influential in the modern era, one that relies on international institutions and law to support the consolidation of a ...
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1. “When the Negro was in vogue”
Cheryl A. Wall
in The Harlem Renaissance: A Very Short Introduction
The Harlem Renaissance was, in the 1920s and 1930s, called the New Negro Renaissance. Black people redefined themselves and announced their entrance into modernity. They responded to its ...
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The Harlem Renaissance: A Very Short Introduction
Cheryl A. Wall
The Harlem Renaissance was a cultural awakening among African Americans between the two world wars. It was the cultural phase of the “New Negro” movement, a social and political phenomenon ...
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3. A historical departure
Andrew F. Cooper
in The BRICS: A Very Short Introduction
‘A historical departure’ describes how the BRICS, as both a diplomatic project and an international institution, is different from past groups. The catalyst for the BRICS members’ new type ...
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1. The problem
Steven Grosby
in Nationalism: A Very Short Introduction
‘The problem’ asks: What are nations? What is nationalism? How do the two differ? Throughout history humans have grouped together into societies based on their ancestry and location, which ...
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Introduction
Gerard L. Weinberg
in World War II: A Very Short Introduction
The enormous loss of life and physical destruction caused by the First World War led people to hope that there would never be another such catastrophe. How then did it come about that there ...
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1. Two approaches to freemasonry
Andreas Önnerfors
in Freemasonry: A Very Short Introduction
‘Two approaches to freemasonry’ explains that the view of freemasonry is characterized by two main approaches: idealization and distrust. It outlines two very opposed, but representative ...
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4. The high tide of Progressivism, 1908–1917
Walter Nugent
in Progressivism: A Very Short Introduction
‘The high tide of progressivism, 1908–1917’ explores how progressivism grew in the years leading up to World War I. After the financial crisis of 1907 the public realised that reform was ...
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2. Three centuries of freemasonry
Andreas Önnerfors
in Freemasonry: A Very Short Introduction
‘Three centuries of freemasonry’ explores each century of freemasonry history, highlighting key events and trends. It begins in the late 1710s when freemasonry emerged as a specialized form ...
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Borders: A Very Short Introduction
Alexander C. Diener and Joshua Hagen
Borders: A Very Short Introduction challenges the perception of borders as passive lines on a map, revealing them instead to be integral forces in the economic, social, ...
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1. A very bordered world
Alexander C. Diener and Joshua Hagen
in Borders: A Very Short Introduction
We hear constantly of controversies concerning the political, cultural, and economic borders of the world. Borders are central features in current international disputes relating to ...
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The Treaty of Versailles: A Very Short Introduction
Michael S. Neiberg
Signed on June 28, 1919, between Germany and the principal Allied powers, the Treaty of Versailles formally ended World War I. Problematic from the very beginning, the treaty was seen even ...
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1. Waves of decolonization
Dane Kennedy
in Decolonization: A Very Short Introduction
‘Waves of decolonization’ outlines three phases of decolonization, beginning with the first wave in the Americas in the late eighteenth century, which led to the creation of the United ...
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7. A Navy Second to None: The U.S. Navy and World War I (1900–1939)
Craig L. Symonds
in American Naval History: A Very Short Introduction
The U.S. Navy thrived during the Theodore Roosevelt administration with several new battleships commissioned—the Great White Fleet—and the construction of the Panama Canal, which opened in ...
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Freemasonry: A Very Short Introduction
Andreas Önnerfors
Freemasonry is one of the world’s oldest, most widespread voluntary organizations. With a strong sense of liberation, moral enlightenment, cosmopolitan openness, and forward-looking ...
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8. Perceptions, prejudices, and persecutions
Andreas Önnerfors
in Freemasonry: A Very Short Introduction
Starting with early negative treatment in the press, freemasonry became the object of public persecution by governmental and church authorities across Europe—persecution that peaked with ...
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7. World war and dissolution: 20th century
Martyn Rady
in The Habsburg Empire: A Very Short Introduction
International politics in the later 19th and early 20th centuries was dominated by the ‘Eastern Question’: the legacy of the failing Ottoman Empire in the Balkans. ‘World war and ...
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2. National Socialism
Jane Caplan
in Nazi Germany: A Very Short Introduction
‘National Socialism’ argues that the roots of Nazi ideology and politics can be traced to Germany and Austria between 1890 and 1914, the era when Hitler and other leading Nazis came of age. ...
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